PhD Theses and Dissertations

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Browsing PhD Theses and Dissertations by Author "AYAZ KHAN Ph.D SCHOLAR"

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    CULTURAL CONTEXTS OF CORRUPTION IN ADMINISTRATIVE NORMSOF PAKISTANI SOCIETY
    (Department Of Sociology, University Of Peshawar, 2015) AYAZ KHAN Ph.D SCHOLAR; SUPERVISOR PROF. DR. NIAZ MUHAMMAD
    The current study was carried out with the main focus on determining the cultural contexts of corruption with specific reference to administrative norms in Pakistani society. A total of 384 respondents was selected from four public sector organizations in District Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, through stratified random sampling technique. The conceptual framework of the study comprised of eight independent variables and a dependent variable (Corruption). Likert scale questionnaire was used for collecting data. Chi-square test was used for establishing association in study variables. The association of corruption perception was observed as significant with cultural norms. Corruption perception was significantly associated with observing moral norms out of fear of disintegration in society. Corruption perception had a significant association with role of religious leaders in awareness rising about corruption. Corruption perception had a strong association with partiality of cultural norms towards rich/elite, power and prestige is superior to ethics and morality, preferring material gain over becoming a good citizen, ethical teachings becoming secondary to economic gains and socialization in corrupt environment encourage development of corrupt values. Corruption perception was found associated with observance of moral norms outof fear of stigma, societal encouragement for honest deed, confidentiality of corruption to avoid stigma. Corruption perception was found associated with increase in corruption scale with increase in official rank, greater ceremonial expenditures, admiration for extravagant expenditures, lavish expenditures on customs, competition for extravagant customary expenditures, social desire for fame through lavish expenditure, rubbing away of impression of honesty from mind of people, insufficient salaries of government employees and ridicule by society for not spending lavishly.