Browsing by Author "Supervised By Dr. Muhammad Anwar Khan"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Muslim Freedom Fighters of India Based in Central Asia
    (Area Study Center(CENTRAL ASIA), University Of Peshawar, 1994) Zahid Shah; Supervised By Dr. Muhammad Anwar Khan
    Central Asia and India have age old ties. Thy are not only close neighbours because of geographical contiguity, but are also bound together by ties of religion and culture. Because of geographical proximity and relgio-cultural affinity, the Indian Muslims have always looked for succour to their Central Asian brethren in hours of trial and tribulations. Central Asia, on its part, has always extended a helping hand as and when asked for by the former. This cooperation finds its roots in history. Whenthe British established their supremacy in India, they deprived the Muslims of their legitimate rights. Not only this, they made the Muslims the target of their cruelties as the British considered them as a potential threat to their tule in India. The Muslims were left with no choicebutto rise against their enemy - the British. The freedom struggle that ensued was fought by the IndianMuslims from different angles; some sought constitutional remedy for the problem, others opted for taking up arms. Thelatter course of action was adopted by the religious \ elite hailing mostly from the Deobandi School.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    The Peshawar under the Durranis 1747-1818
    (AREA STUDY CENTRE (CENTRAL ASIA), UNIVERSITY OF PESHAWR, 1998) Razia Sultana; Supervised By Dr. Muhammad Anwar Khan
    History and geography are so closely inter-related that it is believed, those ignorant of their geography their history forget them completely. Keeping in view the significance of this point, the geographical location of the Valley of Peshawar has to be explained first. It extends from the river Indus to the Khyber mountains. It is bounded on the north and north-east by Karamar hills which separate it from the Valleys of Swat and Buner. To the north and north-west are rugged looking Mohmand and Malakand mountains. On the west stands the Khyber mountains overlooked by the Tartarra peak. To the south, a continuation of hilly boundary, Charat hills, which branches from Sofaid Koh and runs to the Indus. The lower portion of this branch separates the Valleys of Peshawar and Kohat. To the south-east, the only portion not bounded by hills is, the river Indus which divides it from the Chach Plain in Rawalpindi and Hazara region. Administratively, Peshawar was one of the fifteen Hukumat-e-Alas, smaller provinces of Durranis empire, other than that, the empire had eight Vilayats, bigger provinces also. The Valley of Peshawar was one of those many Valleys which were part of Peshawar province, for example, the Valleys of Swat and Kohat etc. The present province of NWFP and the Peshawar province of Durranis period was one and the same, territorially, except Derajat. Derajat, itself had a status of separate Hukumat-e-Ala within the Durranis administrative system.