Browsing by Author "Supervisor By: Prof. Dr. Siraj ud Din"

Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Pharmacognostic Evaluation and Green Synthesis of Silver Gold Nanoparticles of Sageretia thea (Osbeck) Johnst for Biological Screening
    (DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY, 2016) Sumaira Shah; Supervisor By: Prof. Dr. Siraj ud Din
    Allah says in the Holly Quran “I have created all the things in the universe for the welfare of mankind and mankind is created for my warship (Al-Quran Surah Nahl, Ayat #12). From the above saying it is clear that all the materials on earth are created for benefit of man and man has to explore these materials through knowledge. From the day first the main struggle of humans was to discover things (plant and animals) for food and treatment of disease. The use of different plant parts and drugs derived from plants used for the treatment of diseases goes back to pre historic times. The Greeks, the Romans, the Egyptians and the people of subcontinent (Pakistan and India) developed their material medica respectively. The Greek medicine was further developed by Muslim Arab and Romans (Ackerknecht, 1973). Latter on the plants were classified into two categories, medicinal plants and food plants. The use of plant parts and different extracts derived from plants for the curement of different disease is called herbalism. WHO defined medicinal plants as “A whole plant or its organs contains such type of substances which have therapeutic value and is also good for synthetic drugs production. Many plants naturally synthesize useful substances as primary & secondary metabolites, in which secondary metabolites are more useful for human and animal health maintenance. These substances also play role in health maintenance as well as a defense mechanism for plants itself against herbivores, microbes and insects (Lai and Roy 2004). From the history of medicines it is clear that from the very beginning human has been dependent on plant for health maintenance (Bensky et al., 1993). Plants use as a medicine in both eastern and western cultures dates back to 6,000 year ago (Solecki and Shanidar, 1975). The founder of Greek’s pharmacy and medicine Hippocrates has mentioned in his writing about 400 items as a medicinal substances.