CULTURAL CONTEXTS OF CORRUPTION IN ADMINISTRATIVE NORMSOF PAKISTANI SOCIETY
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Date
2015
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Publisher
Department Of Sociology, University Of Peshawar
Abstract
The current study was carried out with the main focus on determining the cultural
contexts of corruption with specific reference to administrative norms in Pakistani
society. A total of 384 respondents was selected from four public sector organizations
in District Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, through stratified random sampling
technique. The conceptual framework of the study comprised of eight independent
variables and a dependent variable (Corruption). Likert scale questionnaire was used
for collecting data. Chi-square test was used for establishing association in study
variables. The association of corruption perception was observed as significant with
cultural norms. Corruption perception was significantly associated with observing
moral norms out of fear of disintegration in society. Corruption perception had a
significant association with role of religious leaders in awareness rising about
corruption. Corruption perception had a strong association with partiality of cultural
norms towards rich/elite, power and prestige is superior to ethics and morality,
preferring material gain over becoming a good citizen, ethical teachings becoming
secondary to economic gains and socialization in corrupt environment encourage
development of corrupt values. Corruption perception was found associated with
observance of moral norms outof fear of stigma, societal encouragement for honest
deed, confidentiality of corruption to avoid stigma. Corruption perception was found
associated with increase in corruption scale with increase in official rank, greater
ceremonial expenditures, admiration for extravagant expenditures, lavish expenditures
on customs, competition for extravagant customary expenditures, social desire for
fame through lavish expenditure, rubbing away of impression of honesty from mind
of people, insufficient salaries of government employees and ridicule by society for
not spending lavishly.