STUDY AND ANALYSIS OF BRĀHMĪ AND ŚᾹRADᾹ INSCRIPTIONS FROM GANDHᾹRA: ITS IMPACT ON RELIGIOUS, CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL LANDSCAPE OF THE REGION

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dc.contributor.authorNasha Bin Rodziadi Khaw
dc.contributor.authorSupervised By: Prof. Dr. M. Nasim Khan
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-27T04:46:14Z
dc.date.available2026-07-27T04:46:14Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.description.abstract1.1 Background of Research Numerous archaeological remains have been discovered in Gandhāra, the most significant among them are coins, sculptures, as well as secular and religious buildings. These discoveries provide important information about the art, political, social and cultural history of the region. Another important cultural material from Gandhāra which deserves special attention are the inscriptions, written in Kharoṣṭhī, Brāhmī, Kohi1 and other foreign scripts like Bactrian, Aramaic and Greek. Kharoṣṭhī was initially used alongside with the less predominant Kohi script in the earlier period. After the 4th Century C.E., the popularity of Kharoṣṭhī faded away and gradually being replaced by the north-western style of Gupta-Brāhmī, which later developed into ProtoŚāradā and Śāradā. The Brāhmī and Śāradā inscriptions found in Gandhāra are mostly carved on metal plates and sheets, stones, boulders and clay tablets. Although some of these epigraphic materials give important information regarding the culture and history of the area, even though compared to the Kharoṣṭhī inscriptions, less importance has so far been given by the scholars to the Brāhmī and Śāradā inscriptions found in Gandhāra. This thesis, therefore, not only focuses on the problems concerning the epigraphic and palaeographic study of Brāhmī and Śāradā inscriptions, but we will try to understand its impact on the religion, cultural and historical landscape of Gandhāra. 1.2 Origin and Development of Writing in the Indo-Pak Subcontinent The earliest writing system used in the Indo-Pak Subcontinent was the Indus Script, found in different sites of the Indus civilization. Dated between 2600-1800 B.C. (Parpola 1996: 165), the script was used in short inscriptions discovered in Harappa, Mahenjo-Daro and Dhulavira archaeological sites. They were found in the forms of seals or seals impressions except in Dhulavira, where an inscription written in the Indus script was discovered in the northern gateway of the city. One of the longest is often called “Dhulavira Signboard”, which is 3 metres long and the signs are around 37 cm in height (Kenoyer 1998: 98). The most frequent among the Indus script symbols are homo signs, bull signs, fish signs, bird signs, scorpion, jar, geometric designs etc
dc.identifier.urihttp://repository.uop.edu.pk/123456789/469
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherDepartment of Archaeology
dc.relation.ispartofseries100025
dc.titleSTUDY AND ANALYSIS OF BRĀHMĪ AND ŚᾹRADᾹ INSCRIPTIONS FROM GANDHᾹRA: ITS IMPACT ON RELIGIOUS, CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL LANDSCAPE OF THE REGION
dc.typeThesis
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