STUDY ON THE DETRIMENTAL EFFECTS OF WASTEWATER FROM SADQAL OIL AND GAS FIELD, FATEHJANG, PUNJAB, PAKISTAN ON WATER QUALITY AND SOIL
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Date
2011
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DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the characteristics of wastewater from Sadqal oil and gas field, Fateh Jang, Punjab, Pakistan and its impacts on ground water and surrounding soil. The research work was carried out in three steps.
In the first step, wastewater samples were collected from the selected sites in the study area. Physico-chemical parameters were evaluated in the months of January 2013 to January 2014 using standard analytical methods. Anions and cations were studied by Ion Chromatography (IC). The results obtained were in the following order: pH ranged from 6.7±0.4–7.5±0.20, temperature; 16.2±0.36–25.3±0.26 ˚C, conductivity; 25800±0.5–28800 μS/cm, total dissolved substances (TDS); 85000±1.90–135000±1.70 mg/L, hardness; 18000±1.30–33000±1.40 mg/L, biological oxygen demand (BOD); 550±0.29–1210±0.38 mg/L, chemical oxygen demand (COD); 1300±0.95–4200±0.75 mg/L and oil & grease; 15±0.72–400±1.20 mg/L.
Levels of cations including sodium (Na⁺) were found to be 14739±1.20–47250±1.40 mg/L, potassium (K⁺); 218±1.10–546±0.45 mg/L, calcium (Ca⁺²); 3687±1.09–8314±0.65 mg/L, magnesium (Mg⁺²); 439±0.85–1080±0.74 mg/L and anions including chloride (Cl‾) ranged from 8542±1.35–56890±1.60 mg/L, florid (F‾); 203±0.87–582±0.83 mg/L, bromide (Br‾); 2±0.31–9.3±0.54 mg/L, sulfate (SO4‾2); 52±0.84–178±0.25 mg/L, nitrate (NO3‾); 46±0.91–809±0.80 mg/L and nitrite (NO2‾) 14±0.91–52±0.41 mg/L