ENVIRONMENTAL CONCENTRATIONS OF HEAVY METALS AND THEIR HEALTH IMPACTS IN SWAT, PAKISTAN
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Date
2013
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Department of Environmental Sciences
Abstract
Heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) are the toxic contaminants, originate in the environment and cycled between atmosphere, hydrosphere, pedosphere (soil) and even biosphere of the earth through a complex and inter connected biogeochemical processes (Castro-Gonzalez and Mendez-Armenta, 2008; Turkez et al., 2012; Vila et al., 2012; Donaldson et al., 2011).