Mumtaz AliSupervisor By: Dr. Mohammad Arfan2026-10-052026-10-052009http://repository.uop.edu.pk/123456789/631All praises to Almighty Allah, the creator of universe Who created human beings as the best of the creatures. Many thanks to Him, who blessed us with knowledge to differentiate between right and wrong. Many thanks to Him as He blessed us with the Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (Peace be upon Him) for Whom the whole universe was created. The Prophet (Peace be upon Him) enabled us to worship only one Allah. He (PBUH) brought us out of darkness and enlightened the ways to the Heaven. I feel great pleasure in expressing my ineffable thanks to my ever encouraging, inspirational, cool minded and learned supervisor Prof.Dr. Mohammad Arfan (Director, Institute of Chemical Science), whose personal interest, thought provoking guidance, valuable suggestions and discussions enabled me to complete this tedious work. He really encouraged me in all my attempts during this research work. Deep senses of gratitude and heartfelt thanks are owed to Dr. Raza Shah (HEJRIC University of Karachi) and Dr. Derek (University of Bradford UK) for their thoughts provoking discussions, valuable suggestions and their assistance in spectral and biological studies throughout my research in their research laboratories. I am thankful to Prof.Dr. Rasool Jan (Ex-Director, Institute of Chemical Science) in facilitating my research by taking bold steps for the proper utilization of indigenous fellowship funds. Thanks to all the faculty members, especially to all teachers of organic chemistry section for their morale boosting and encouraging behavior. I am highly indebted to the HEC Pakistan, for financial support through its Indigenous PhD Scheme and also for sponsoring my research visit to University of Bradford UK under the commendable scheme (IRSIP).enThesis