Mamoon ur RashidSupervisor By: Dr. M. Rafiullah Khan2026-10-082026-10-082014http://repository.uop.edu.pk/123456789/646In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent and the Most Merciful, Alhamdulillah; all praises to Allah (the Almighty) for blessing me strength and mental power to complete this dissertation. It is only His benedictions which enabled me to study chemistry at its apex level of knowledge. I desire to acknowledge a number of people who influenced and supported me directly or indirectly in finalizing this dissertation. A deep sense of gratefulness and obligation is extended to my supervisor, Prof. Dr. Muhammad Rafiullah Khan, for his supervision and constant support. His invaluable help of constructive comments and suggestions throughout the research and thesis works have contributed to the success of the project. I am pleased to acknowledge my foreign supervisors Prof. Dr. Alexander I. Gray and Dr. Valerie A. Ferro, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK. Without the caring instructions and guidance of them, I would not be able to complete my research work with in time.enThesis