Aamir AzizSupervised By: Prof. Dr. Bashir Ahmad2026-07-162026-07-161012http://repository.uop.edu.pk/123456789/447The main aim of the study was to screen the methanolic, ethanolic and ethyl acetate (EtOAc)fractions of Eriobotrya japonica and Ficus carica leaves and their Zinc (ZnNPs) and Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs), respectively, for various pharmacological activities such as, antibacterial, antifungal, phytotoxic, insecticidal, anti-termite, hemagglutination and their comparison. The synthesis of ZnaNPs and CuNPs was carried out using aqueous leaf extracts of E. japonica and F. carica, standardizing conditions for their synthesis like temperature, pH and incubation. The characterization of these nanoparticles was done using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Thermogravimetric/Differential Thermal Analysis (TGA/DTA). The UV-Visible absorption spectra of ZnNPs and CuNPs showed peaks at 455 and 426 nm,respectively. The FTIR spectra of ZnNPs and CuNPs confirmed the presence ofvarious functional groups suchas, - hydroxyl, amide, carbonyl, aldehyde, and alkynes. The SEM analysis showed that the particle size was between 99 and 96 nm with spherical shape. The presence of zinc and copper along with other elements, such as C, O, S, Si, and K, was confirmed by EDX analysis. The plant extract contributed the last four elements that stabilize and cap ZnNPsand CuNPs. The mean size for ZnNPs and CuNPs in XRD spectra according to Debye-Scherer’s equation was 33 and 32 nm,respectively. A clear antibacterial activity of the methanolic, ethanolic and EtOAcfractions of E. japonica was observed in terms of percentinhibition: E. coli (62, 59.2 and 44.4%), S. aureus (69.2, 46.1 and 50%), P. aeruginosa (44.4, 40.7 and 37%), M. morganii (39, 40.9 and 68 %), A. baumannii (52.1, 43.4 and 0 %), P. vulgaris (60, 52 and 64%) and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)(73.6, 52.6 and 0 %). Similar results were also observed for methanolic, ethanolic and EtOAcfractions of F. carica against E. coli (51.8, 40.7 and 48.8), S. aureus (65.3, 46.1 and 65.3), P.enThesis