Mohammad NaeemSupervisor By: DR. MOHAMMAD ISHAQ2026-09-302026-09-302008http://repository.uop.edu.pk/123456789/622With the name of almighty Allah, I feel great honor and privilege to record my deep sense of gratitude to my learned and kind hearted supervisor, Dr. Mohammad Ishaq, Associate professor, Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar for his valuable guidance, inspiring and ever encouraging attitude throughout this research work. I extend my gratitude to Dr. Imtiaz Ahamad, Assistant professor, Institute Of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar for his wonder full support and positive criticism, who make me able to complete this research work. I am much thankful to Prof. Dr. M. Rasool Jan, Director Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar for providing all the research facilities during this work. I am obliged to Dr. M. Shakirullah, Dr. Habib-u-Rahaman and Dr. Yousaf Iqbal for their encouragement and positive suggestions. I am grateful to DR. Murad, Dr. Iqbal, Mr. Nazeer khan, Mr. Thamur Ahmad, Mr. Mehtab Faisal, senior scientific officers (SSO), PCSIR laboratories, Peshawar, especially microbiology section for providing all the available research facilities during this work.enThesis