Johar Jamilsupervisor Prof. Dr.Bashir Ahmad2026-08-242026-08-242013http://repository.uop.edu.pk/123456789/454This study was conducted from 2009 to 2012 on isolates collected from two tedary hospitals of Peshawar, I(iyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The aim ofthis study was to find out the resistance profile of different antibiotics and biocides, prevalence of extendedspectum flactamases (ESBLs) and caxbapenemases ilt ,t aureus, E. coli, Klebsiella spp_ eJtd P. aeruginosa, rcspectively. Among 133 S. aureus, 4'7yo werc Methicillin resistant S azreus (MRSA). Cefoxitin was found to be the most efficient and effective method for the detection of MRSA. In S. aureus, 'tal]lcomycir' (VAN) and linzolid (LZD) showed best activity against both MRSA and MSSA. High level of antibiotic resista[ce was found in MRSA isolates. Most of our ,S. arrem isolates were susceptible to biocides. The genes including sea and pvl were the most dominant genes in S. a,rezs isolates. Carbapenems including meropenem and imipenem showed very good activity against E coli and Klebsiella spp. and P aeruginosa. ESBL and carbapenem.tse prcducers were also detected inE' coli arrd Klebsiella sppenThesis